Hair Perms Explained: Everything You Need to Know

What is a Hair Perm?

A hair perm, short for permanent wave, is a chemical treatment that alters the structure of your hair to create curls or waves. Whether you’re going for soft beach waves or tight corkscrew curls, a perm can completely change your look—and boost your confidence.

A Quick History of Hair Perms

Perms date back to the early 1900s when heat-based machines were used to curl hair. Over the decades, perms evolved, becoming safer and more versatile. The iconic 1980s saw perms reach their peak popularity, with bold curls dominating fashion trends. Today, perms are making a comeback with modern techniques designed to suit a range of hair types and personal styles.

How Does the Perm Process Work?

Giving a perm involves a few key steps:

1. Consultation – Discuss the desired style, curl size and suitability of the hair with your client

2. Preparation – You wash the hair and wrap it around perm rods of varying sizes, depending on the look your client wants

3. Application – A chemical solution breaks down the hair's structure, allowing it to take the shape of the rods

4. Neutralisation – A second solution is applied to lock the curls in place

The entire process can take 2–4 hours depending on hair length and thickness.

Types of Perms

Perms aren’t one-size-fits-all. Here are a few popular options:

• Body Wave Perm: Loose, natural waves perfect for adding volume

• Spiral Perm: Tight, springy curls with lots of definition

• Digital Perm: Uses heat for soft, modern waves 

• Perm on Guy’s Hair: Men’s perms typically focus on subtle waves or defined curls, adding texture and movement to short styles

Before and After Hair Perm: What to Expect

A perm can transform hair from lifeless and straight to voluminous and curly. However, be realistic about your starting point—results may vary based on the hair type, condition and the technique used.

Common Changes to Expect:

• Volume Increase: Curls naturally make hair look fuller

• Texture Changes: Hair becomes more textured and may feel drier

• Styling Time: Styling often becomes quicker since curls add instant shape

Hair Perm Aftercare: Keeping Your Client’s Curls Happy

Maintaining a perm is key to keeping curls bouncy and defined. Follow these tips for the best results:

1. Wait Before Washing: Advise clients to avoid washing their hair for at least 48 hours post-perm to let the curls set

2. Hydrate the Hair: Use a deep-conditioning mask weekly to combat dryness

3. Use Sulfate-Free Products: These are gentler on curls

4. Sleep on Silk: Advise clients to use a silk pillowcase, which reduces frizz and preserves curl definition

5. Trim Regularly: Schedule trims with clients every 6–8 weeks to keep their ends healthy

Expert Tip: Avoid using heat styling tools on perms. If necessary, always apply a heat protectant.

Can You Remove a Perm?

While perms are considered semi-permanent, they will eventually loosen over time. However, if you’re client is looking to remove it sooner:

• Straightening: You can chemically straighten the hair, but this can be harsh

• Deep Conditioning: Helps soften curls and makes them more manageable

• Natural Growth: Letting the hair grow out is the safest option, as the hair at the scalp is not chemically altered by the perm process 

FAQs About Hair Perms

Q: Are perms damaging to hair?

A: Perms can be drying, but with proper aftercare, you can minimise damage and keep hair healthy

Q: Can I perm coloured or bleached hair?

A: It’s possible, but you will need to assess the hair’s condition first. Over-processing can lead to breakage

Q: How long does a perm last?

A: Most perms last 3–6 months, depending on the hair type and care routine

The Best Perming Products

FarmaVita Life Waving 2		A professional-grade waving lotion crafted for heavily treated or stressed hair. It avoids harsh chemicals, providing a gentle yet highly effective waving process that protects hair health. It revitalises and strengthens the hair fibre, enhancing elasticity, shine and vitality. creating beautifully defined waves while maintaining softness and strength.
Wella Creatine+ Curl Perm Solution for Natural to Resistant Hair		Creates smooth, shiny, and voluminous curls that last. Designed for natural and resistant hair, it delivers frizz-free, bouncy results in just 5-15 minutes while maintaining hair's health and moisture. Perfect for achieving defined, salon-quality curls with ease.
Pro Care Setting Lotion Firm Hold 20 x 18ml		Designed to enhance and secure perm styles with precision. It locks in curls for long-lasting definition, boosts volume and ensures a smooth, frizz-free finish. Perfect for professional use, it nourishes and protects permed hair, delivering salon-quality results with added shine and manageability.
Wella Perm Creatine+ Curl Coloured / Sensitized Hair Kit		Expertly designed to create long-lasting, voluminous curls while caring for delicate, colour-treated hair. Its gentle, moisturising formula reduces frizz, enhances shine and preserves hair integrity. With a quick 5-15 minute processing time, it delivers beautiful, defined curls with added bounce and vitality, perfect for clients seeking a smooth, salon-quality finish.
FarmaVita Life The Perm 1 & 2 Bundle		A customisable perm solution designed for creating a wide range of curl styles, from classic to modern looks. Perfect for dyed and thin hair, this formula offers gentle care while minimising damage, leaving hair soft, shiny and healthy. It delivers long-lasting, resilient curls that retain their shape and bounce, ensuring clients enjoy defined, voluminous curls for weeks.
Pro-Care Setting Lotion - Normal Hold		Ideal for setting perms, providing long-lasting style, volume and body. It's normal hold formula locks in curls and waves while maintaining flexibility and softness. Gentle on both hair and scalp, it conditions the hair, eliminates frizz and ensures a smooth, polished finish. Perfect for achieving beautifully defined, frizz-free perms that last.
DMI De-luxe Perm Rods 6mm		Perfect tools for creating stylish, long-lasting perms with ease. These lightweight, durable rods ensure a gentle, comfortable perming process while delivering exceptional results. Each pack includes 12 rods and matching perm rubbers.

A perm is a fantastic way to switch up your look and add texture to your hair. Whether you’re dreaming of beachy waves or rocking a spiral perm, the right technique and aftercare can make all the difference.